英语中常见的6种主谓一致性错误类型单复数不匹配等
2024-04-05 09:13:15
英语中常见的6种主谓一致性错误类型单复数不匹配等
1. 单复数不匹配：这是最常见的错误之一。当主语是单数时，谓语应该使用单数形式；当主语是复数时，谓语应该使用复数形式。例如，错误地说“They is going to the party”（正确的应该是“They are going to the party”）。
2. 忽略集体名词的单复数：有些集体名词，如“family”，“team”，“class”等，既可以被看作单数也可以被看作复数，具体取决于语境。例如，“My family is large”和“My family are all coming to the party”都是正确的，但需要根据上下文选择使用。
3. 混淆主语和修饰语：当主语后面跟有修饰语时，如“with”，“as well as”，“together with”等，谓语动词应该与主语保持一致，而不是与修饰语保持一致。例如，错误地说“The teacher, as well as the students, is happy”（正确的应该是“The teacher, as well as the students, are happy”）。
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5. 忽略省略句的主谓一致：在省略句中，主语和谓语的一致性也需要注意。例如，在“He as well as I (am/are) tired”这个句子中，尽管有“as well as”这个并列结构，但主语是“he”，所以正确的形式应该是“He as well as I am tired”。
6. 混淆时态和语态：在不同的时态和语态中，主谓一致性的规则也有所不同。例如，在一般现在时中，主语是单数时，谓语应该使用第三人称单数形式；而在现在进行时中，无论主语是单数还是复数，谓语都应该使用“be+现在分词”的形式。
避免这些错误的关键在于对主谓一致性的规则有清晰的理解，并能够在实践中正确地应用这些规则。通过大量的练习和反复的实践，可以有效地提高主谓一致性的准确性。
There's a well-known story in the world of literary translators about the translator who was thrilled to see his work appear at great length in an article in a popular magazine. He had translated many novels by a little-known Scandinavian novelist, who he believed had been ignored and not received the attention or praise the novelist deserved. He had devoted much time to trying to get this novelist some recognition. The article agreed with his assessment of the novelist’s works mentioning long passages from his translations.
But something was missing. The translator searched in vain for a mention of his name. It didn't appear anywhere. The translator's joy at the coverage （报道）of the author he liked was considerably ruined by this. He felt that he himself should have had some recognition in the article.
It was as if the translator did not exist, and all the efforts he had made had never happened.
Most people would agree that it was wrong of the magazine not to mention the translator.
However, it is also true that most readers themselves operate in exactly the same way, and for them it is also as if the translator didn't exist. When people read a translation of a novel, they want to feel they are reading what the novelist, and not someone else, wrote. They don't want to be reminded that they are not reading, and would not be able to read, the original novel created by the novelist, not wishing to know who the translator was or pay any attention to what they have done.
In this global age, more and more works of fiction are being translated into more and more languages. Readers are now able to experience and understand other cultures more than ever through the reading of translated novels. So the works of more and more novelists can reach people in other parts of the world. This applies not only to new novels but also to fresh translations of old classics.
28. What can we know about the translator in Paragraph 1?
A. His opinion was shared by the magazine.
B. The novelist's works were his favourite.
C. He often sent articles to the magazine.
D. The novelist got famous with his help.
29. How did the translator feel when he looked closely at the article in the magazine?
A. Regretful. B. Proud. C. Upset. D. Skeptical.
30. What is the third paragraph mainly about?
A. The contributions of novel translators.
B. The general attitude towards translators.
C. The readers' different tastes in literature.
D. The importance of reading original works.
31. What does the author stress when talking about the global age?
A. The shortage of able novel translators.
B. The number of readers of original works.
C. The value of novels in different countries.
D. The variety of fiction available to readers.
